Let me clarify that this is the only fan fiction I am an active reader of. It is a what-if analysis of Harry Potter in which the characters all gain about 20 IQ points and are capable of rational thought.
It's a product of LessWrong.com, an excellent website even if you don't like Harry Potter and/or don't have the time to read a ~100 chapter book that still isn't even finished.
It includes topics from a variety of sciences, including computer science, but the most common theme is how and why humans suck at serious problem solving and rational thought, and how to fix these problems by instilling some mental discipline. The harry potter format is just a wrapper to allow situations where the methods of rationality can be applied. It's also pretty hilarious.